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Supplement Direct Sida Cordifolia Extract 5% Flavones 100 Grams
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MSRP: $23.99
Price: $9.99
In stock
Manufacturer: *Supplement Direct*
Manufacturer Part No: 7348900383
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SIDA CORDIFOLIA
(5% FLAVONES EXTRACT)
Energy
Analgesic
Anti-Inflammatory
SUPPPLEMENT DIRECT Sida Cordifolia 5% extract is the best value Sida Cordifolia 5% extract powder on the market! Standardized to 5% total flavones and containing no ephedra alkaloids. 100% pure lab tested for purity and potency. SUPPLEMENT DIRECT Sida Cordifolia has been shown to contain following flavones 5,7-dihydroxy-3-isoprenyl flavone, -hydroxy-3-isoprenyl flavone and along with two known compounds β-sitosterol and stigmasterol which have been shown in the literature to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Note: For exact and precise dosing we recommend using an analytical scale. MANUFACTURED AND DISTRIBUTED BY: SUPPLEMENT DIRECT 3480 S. HIGUERA ST #100 SAN LUIS OBISPO, CA. 93405 WWW.SUPPLEMENTDIRECT.COM TOLL FREE 888-776-7629 TECH SUPORT 805-546-1089
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100 Grams
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| Supplement Facts
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| Serving Size 1/32 Level Teaspoon(100 mg)
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| Servings Per Container 1000
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| Amount Per Serving
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| Sida Cordifolia (5% Standardized Extract)
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100mg
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| Calories
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0
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| Total Fat
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0g
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| Saturated Fat
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0g
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| Cholesterol
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0g
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| Sodium
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0g
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| Potassium
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0g
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| Total Carbohydrates
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0g
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| Dietary Fiber
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0g
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| Sugars
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0g
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| Protein
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0g
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| Not A Significant Source Of Any Vitamins
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| Ingredient
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| Sida Cordifolia Standardized ext 5% flavones.
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Directions For Supplement Direct Cissus Quadrangularis: As directed by a health care professional.
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Sida cordifolia
Introduction
Sida Cordifolia, or Bala, has been used in India for over 2,000 years to treat ailments including bronchial asthma, headache, nasal congestion, aching joints and bones, cough, and edema. Sida Cordifolia is considered to have diaphoretic, diuretic, central nervous system stimulating and anti-asthmatic properties. Chemical analysis of Sida cordifolia in the early part of the twentieth century reported that one of the herb’s alkaloids closely resembled ephedrine in its pharmacological action. More recent work revealed that although this sympatho-mimetic alkaloid had activity similar to ephedra (now banned because of its deleterious effect on the cardiovascular system), it is actually chemically different in nature. Thus, the herb may provide a safe treatment for obesity. Because of its stimulant effect, Bala is commonly used as a heart tonic. The seeds of the plant are considered to be aphrodisiac. Research has shown the herb to cause marked and persistant increases in blood pressure in anesthetized animals. The plant also has demulcent, emollient and diuretic properties. According to Ayurvedic tradition, Sida cordifolia is tonic, astringent, emollient and aphrodisiac. In India it is used to treat gonorrhea, debility and rheumatism. In Europe it is used as an anti-tubercular agent. The expressed juice of the whole plant is useful in premature ejaculation, and the juice of the roots is applied to sores. A decoction of the root bark is given in sciatica and rheumatism.
Names Latin: Sida cordifolia English: Country mallow Sanskrit: Bala, Vatya Hindi: Bariyar, Kharethi Other names: Arrow leaf Sida, Cuban jute, Indian hemp.
Habitat Sida cordifolia is found throughout the tropical and sub-tropical plains of India and Sri Lanka.
Botanical Description Sida cordifolia is an erect, perennial undershrub reaching up to two meters in height. The stem of this deeply-rooted plant is ascending, terete or sulcate, softly villious and densely stellate-pubescent all over. The plant’s leaves are ovate and subacute at the apex. The flowers are yellow peduncles, axillary, jointed much above the panicles, with the upper flowers nearly sessile and fasciculate towards the tip of the branches forming a subspicate inflorescence. The fruits are subdiscoid, 6-8 mm across, with 10 three-sided mericarps. The seeds are trigonous, glabrous, and tufted-pubescent near the hilum.
Chemical Constituents Sida cordifolia has been found to contain pseudoephedrine, beta-phenethylamine, vaccine, asparagin, ephedrine, hypaphorine, the alkaloids vasicinone, vasicine and vasicinol; phytosterols, mucin, gelatin, potassium nitrate and rutin.
Pharmacological Activity Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a new alkaloid, isolated from Sida cordifolia were investigated in animal models. In the acetic acid induced writhing model, the compound showed 25.4 and 52.43% inhibition of writhing response at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight respectively. The alkaloid also produced significant increase in the tail flick latency in radiant heat tail-flick method. In Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, the alkaloid produced 16.93% and 24.43% inhibition of paw edema at the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight respectively at the third hour of study. 16 In laboratory research, extracts of the aerial and root parts of Sida cordifolia showed good analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities. The ethyl acetate extract of the root showed anti-inflammatory activity comparable with indomethacin. The ethyl acetate extract possessed significantly higher activity than did the methanol extract of the root part. The ethyl acetate extract of both the root and aerial parts of Sida cordifolia showed very good central and peripheral analgesic activities at a dose of 600 mg/kg. 20 Hepatoprotective activity A study was conducted to assess the effects of the aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia leaves on liver regeneration. 17 For the research, twenty rats were divided into four groups, three of which received aqueous Bala extract at dosages of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, with the fourth group receiving water only, as a control. Twenty four hours after administration of the extract, the animals’ livers were removed, and observed for hepatic regeneration. The study animals treated with Bala extract showed higher rates of liver regeneration than controls, indicating that the herbal extract stimulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats.
Further research has shown that fumaric acid isolated from Sida cordifolia has hepatoprotective properties.8 Anti-obesity activity The Ayurvedic herb, Ephedra sinica, is widely used in the treatment of weight loss. Ephedra species are well known for their thermogenic activity which results from the alkaloids ephedrine and norephedrine. Ephedrine and norephedrine assist weight loss by suppressing the appetites. Other alkaloids such as norpseudoephedrine are less potent than ephedrine and norephedrine, and can cause serous side effects. Therapy with norephedrine has been linked with stroke in people of young age. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has restricted the use of norephedrine in the United States. 1 Sida cordifolia appears to have an anit-obesity effect similar to Ephedra, however, studies have shown that Sida’s anti-obesity effect is not limited to its limited ephedrine content; other constituents may play a synergistic role. Further chemical analysis reveals that the seasonal variations of alkaloids in Sida cordifolia are less as compared to Ephedra. Thus, Sida cordifolia, may be a useful substitute to Ephedra. Hypoglycemic activity The methanol extract of Sida cordifolia root was found to possess significant hypoglycemic activity. 20 Anti-pyretic and anti-ulcerogenic activity The anti-pyretic and anti-ulcerogenic properties of the methanolic extract of Sida cordifolia were investigated in rats. An oral extract dose of 500 mg/kg significantly reduced pyrexia induced by the TAB vaccine. In addition, the extract exhibited a significant anti-ulcerogenic effect against aspirin and ethanol induced ulcers, with an effectiveness comparable to standard drugs. 15 Cardio-stimulant activity An animal study investigated the cardio-stimulant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Bala leaves. The extract was observed to induce hypotension and bradycardia in the study animals. The hypotensive response was completely abolished after administration of atropine, but enhanced by hexamethonium, while the bradycardic response was completely abolished after atropine and attenuated by hexamethonium. 18 These results show that Sida cordifolia extract produces hypotension and bradycardia, mainly due to a direct stimulation of the endothelial vascular muscarinic receptor and indirect cardiac muscarinic activation. Central nervous system activity An animal study was conducted to assess the toxicity of Bala and to observe its effect on the central nervous system. Toxicity results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Bala was toxic at a dosage of 5000 mg/kg. The extract demonstrated a depressive effect on the animals’
central nervous systems, as observed in several behavior screening tests. In the motility test, Bala extract caused a significant reduction of spontaneous activity at a dose of 1000 mg/kg at 30 and 60 min. The same form of the extract also decreased the ambulation and rearing in open-field test at 30, 60 and 120 min at a dose of 1000 mg/kg. 18
Safety profile
Ayurvedic formulations containing Bala should not be prescribed with cardiac glycosides, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and similar alkaloids. Although no drug interactions have been reported with Sida cordifolia preparations, because of the great variations in the active constituents, great care should be taken while prescribing the herb in combination with these medications.
Dosage
Powder (1-3 G).
References
1 Boozer, C.N.; Naseer, J.A.; Hemsfield, S.B. et al., (2001). An herbal supplement containing Ma Huang-Gurana for weight loss: a randomized, double-blind trial. Int J Obes. 25(3): 316-324.
2 Bushell,J. (1998). Australian Herbal Medicine Classnotes, Nature Care College: Sydney.
3 Chopra, R.N. (1982). Indigenous Drugs of India, Academic Publishers, Calcutta. Dawson, J.K.; Eamshaw, S.M.; Graham, C.S. (1995). Dangerous monoamine oxidase inhibitor interactions are still occurring in the 1990s. J Accid Emerg Med. 12(1): 49-51.
4 Franzotti, E.M. et al., (2000). Anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity and acute toxicity of Sida cordifolia L. (Malva-branca). J Ethnopharmacol. 72: 273-8. Ghosal, S.; Chauhan, R.R.P.S. and Mehta, R. (1975). Alkaloids of Sida cordifolia. Phytother Res. 14: 830-2.
5 Haller,C.A.; Benowitz, N.L. (2000). Adverse cardiovascular and central nervous system events associated with dietary supplements containing Ephedra alkaloids. NJEM. 34(3): 1833-1838.
6 Kanth V.R.; Diwan, P.V. (1999). Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities of Sida cordifolia. Phytother Res. 13: 75-7.
7 Khan, M.W.; Rashid, M.A.; Huq, E.; Ahmad, M.U. (1989). The non-polar constituents of Sida cordifolia Linn. J. Bangl. Acad. Sci. 13: 55-60.
8 Kumra, R.S.; Mishra, S.H. (1997). Isolation and assessment of hepatoprotective activity of fumaric acid obtained for the first time from Sida cordifolia Linn. Indian Drugs. 34(12): 702-706.
9 Kumar, R.S.; Mishra, S.H. (1997). Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of Sida rhombifolia Linn. Indian J Pharmacol. 29(2): 110-116.
10 Nadir, A et al., (1996). Acute hepatitis associated with the use of a Chinese herbal product, ma-huang. Am J Gastoenterol. 91(7):1436-8
11 Nadkarni, K. (1976). Indian Materia Medica vol 1, Bombay, India: Popular Prakashan.
12 Khatoon, S.; Srivastava,M.; Rawat, A.K.S.; Mehrotra,S. (2005). HPTLC method for chemical standardization of Sida species and estimation of the alkaloid ephedrine. J. Planar Chromatogr. 18(5): 364-7.
13 Silva, R.S. et al., (2006). Effect of the aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Acta Cir. 21(1): 77-79.
14 Islam, E.; Haque, E.; Mossadik, M.A. (2003). Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of Sida rhombifolia (Malvaceae) grown in Bangladesh. Phytother. Res. 17(8): 973-975.
15 Philip BK, Muralidharan A, Natarajan B, Varadamurthy S, Venkataraman S. Preliminary evaluation of anti-pyretic and anti-ulcerogenic activities of Sida cordifolia methanolic extract. Fitoterapia.
2008 Apr;79(3):229-31. Epub 2008 Feb 9
16 Sutradhar RK, Rahman AM, Ahmad M, Bachar SC, Saha A, Roy TG Anti-inflammatory and and analgesic alkaloid from Sida cordifolia linn. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2007 Jul;29(3):185-8.
17 Silva RL, Melo GB, Melo VA, Antoniolli AR, Michellone PR, Zucoloto S, Picinato MA, Franco CF, Mota Gde A, Silva Ode C. Effect of the aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Acta Cir Bras. 2006;21 Suppl 1:37-9
18 Medeiros IA, Santos MR, Nascimento NM, Duarte JC Cardiovascular effects of Sida cordifolia leaves extract in rats. Fitoterapia, 2006 Jan;77(1):19-27. Epub 2995 Oct 28.
19 Franco CI, Morais LC, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Almeida RN, Antoniolli AR. CNS pharmacological effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Sida cordifolia L. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Apr 26;98(3):275-9.
20 Kanth VR, Diwan PV. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities of Sida cordifolia. Phytother Res. 1999 Feb;13(1):75-7.
Research
Sida cordifolia
Linn is a herb belonging to the family Malvaceae. The water extract of the whole plant is used in the treatment of rheumatism.[1] Earlier, phytochemical studies of its roots have shown the presence of ephedrine, vasicinol, vasicinone and N-methyl tryptophan.[2] The objective of the current study is to evaluate the analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of different extracts of Sida cordifolia Linn (SIC).
The aerial parts of SIC were collected from the southeastern region of Bangladesh. The air-dried powder of the plant (5.5 kg) was successively extracted with chloroform (3x72 h), methanol (3x72 h) and 80% ethanol (3x72 h). Chloroform and methanol extracts were evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40 C to yield extracts A and B, respectively. The 80% ethanol extract C was concentrated to one-third of its volume and was partitioned with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol. Evaporation of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts, under reduced pressure at 40oC, yielded the dry extracts D, E, F and G respectively. After acid base treatment, the methanol extract B afforded the basic extract H and the neutral extract I.
Long Evans rats (150-200 g) and Swiss albino mice (25-30 g) of either sex were collected from the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases and Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B). The animals were kept in polyvinyl cages under controlled room temperature (25±2°C) for 7 days and supplied with ICDDR, B formulated food pellets and water ad libitum.
No adverse effect or mortality was detected in the Swiss albino mice up to 4 g/kg, p.o., for any of the extract of SIC during the 24 h observation period.
The pre-screened Swiss albino mice employed for the acetic acid induced writhing test [3] were divided into groups. [Table 1] The inhibition of the writhing reflex in mice by the plant extracts (p.o. at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg, body weight) were compared against the standard analgesic, aminopyrine 50 mg/kg, p.o. The analgesic activity was assessed by calculating the number of writhing reflexes for 10 min, occurring immediately after 0.1 ml/10 g of intraperitoneal acetic acid (0.7%).
In carrageenan induced rat paw edema [4] the rats were divided into groups. [Table 2] Acute inflammation was produced by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 1% suspension of carrageenan with 2% gum acacia in normal saline, in the right hind paw of the rats, one hour after oral administration of the drugs. The paw volume was measured plethysmometrically (Ugo Basile, Italy) at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 24 h after the carrageenan injection. The plant extracts were given orally (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) in suspension form. Phenylbutazone suspended in 2% gum acacia at a dose of 100 mg/kg, p.o., was used as the standard antiinflammatory drug.
Results [Table 2] show that the extracts A, B, F, G and H exhibited sufficient inhibition of paw edema of 33.61, 32.97, 34.46, 39.35 and 40.85%, respectively at the end of the fourth hour. The activities of different SIC extracts were comparable to the standard drug, phenylbutazone. In this experiment, the lower dose 100 mg/kg did not show any significant antiinflammatory activity (data not given).
The exact mechanism(s) of the analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of the extracts is/are yet to be elucidated.
References
1. Yusuf M, Kabir M. Medicinal plants of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 1999
2. Gunatilaka AAL, Sotheeswaran S, Balasubramaniam S, Chandrasekara AI, Badrasriyani HT. Studies on medicinal plants of Sri Lanka. Planta Med 1980;39:66-72.
3. Whittle BA. The use of changes in capillary permeability in mice to distinguish between narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics. Br J Pharmacol Chemother 1964;22:246-53.
4. Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenan induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for anti-inflammatory drugs. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1962;111:544-7.
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